Welcome to
KlaesLab

Led by Professor Christian Klaes, the KlaesLab specializes in exploring the intersection between biological and artificial systems. Professor Klaes holds the professorship for neurotechnology at the Ruhr-University Bochum and is an expert in human and monkey brain-computer interfaces, both invasive and non-invasive. Currently, the lab is focused on using state-of-the-art machine learning approaches for brain-machine interfaces to control devices, developing advanced neural analysis methods to control human hand exoskeletons, and conducting virtual reality research using VR, EEG, and invasive neural recordings from humans.

The lab has a broad network of collaborations within Ruhr-University Bochum, as well as with external partners such as Caltech, Ruhr University of Applied Sciences (Iossifidis Lab), German Primate Center, University of Madeira, Snap Gmbh, and many others.

Invasive BCI
Non-Invasive BCI
Virtual Reality
KlaesLab Team

The KlaesLab Team

Ruhr-University Bochum

News and Events


24.09.2026
🧠🔒 BrainGuard at EURO DEFENCE EXPO 2026!

BrainGuard was represented at the EURO DEFENCE EXPO (EUDEX) 2026 in Essen, with Maximilian Oberhoff, PhD student at KlaesLab, taking part.

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EUDEX takes place from 22–25 September 2026 at Messe Essen, bringing together stakeholders from industry, policy and the security and defence sectors to exchange ideas on emerging technologies and challenges.

The BrainGuard project addresses cybersecurity in neurotechnology. As brain-computer interfaces and neuromodulatory implants advance, protecting sensitive neural data and preventing manipulation of these systems become increasingly important.

By combining expertise in neuroscience and cybersecurity, BrainGuard aims to develop security concepts that safeguard neural data, user autonomy and mental privacy.

Thank you to Max for sharing these impressions from the event! 🧠🔒

Learn more about BrainGuard →

Explore EURO DEFENCE EXPO →

04.09.2026
🌐 Dr. Artur Pilacinski appointed as a German representative for COST Action VirTUE.

We are pleased to announce that Dr. Artur Pilacinski from KlaesLab has been appointed as a German representative for COST Action CA25117: VIRtual worlds: Technology, Unity and Ethics (VirTUE).

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VirTUE is an international research network bringing together researchers and practitioners from different disciplines to advance the responsible development of virtual worlds, immersive technologies and artificial intelligence.

The Action will explore the technological, social and ethical questions emerging from the growing integration of virtual environments into everyday life. Through international collaboration, it aims to connect expertise across disciplines and support the development of inclusive, trustworthy and human-centred virtual technologies.

In his new role, Dr. Pilacinski will represent Germany within the Action and contribute his expertise in neuroscience, virtual reality and human–technology interaction. His appointment will also create new opportunities for international research collaboration and knowledge exchange.

We warmly congratulate Dr. Pilacinski on this appointment and look forward to KlaesLab’s contribution to the VirTUE network! 🌐🥽

Learn more about COST Action VirTUE →

30.06.2026
🧠 Dagstuhl Seminar: “Virtual Bodies for Real Humans”

Prof. Christian Klaes and Dr. Artur Pilacinski from our lab co-organized Dagstuhl Seminar 26262, “Virtual Bodies for Real Humans – Avatars, Sensations, Emotions and Brains,” together with Pedro Lopes (University of Chicago) and Sylvia Xueni Pan (University of London), held June 21–26, 2026 at Schloss Dagstuhl.

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The seminar brought together neuroscientists and HCI researchers to explore how the brain handles embodiment in virtual and extended reality — from avatar agency and sensory feedback to phantom sensations and biomechanics. The goal: spark new collaborations shaping the future of embodiment in XR.

Full details and participant list: Dagstuhl Seminar 26262. 🥽🧠

11.06.2026
🎙️ Interview: “Cybersecurity must protect the core of the personality”

Prof. Dr. Christian Klaes spoke with Medizin und Technik about why neurotechnologies such as Brain-Computer Interfaces demand far higher cybersecurity standards than conventional connected medical devices.

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In the interview, Prof. Klaes explains what makes securing neurotechnological systems so unique: the extraordinary intimacy of neural data, which sits far closer to our personal identity than data from, say, a blood analysis. The conversation covers both sides of the challenge our BrainGuard project investigates — protecting sensitive brain data and preventing active, often unnoticed manipulation of a system, for example through deep brain stimulation. Prof. Klaes also addresses the trade-off between security and usability, the growing interest hackers will take as implants reach the mass market, and why informing regulators and decision-makers early lets us act proactively rather than reactively. The goal: ensuring that people can use their implants without fear of hacks, manipulation, or the loss of their most private data. You can read the full interview (in German) with Medizin und Technik here: Cybersecurity muss den Persönlichkeitskern schützen. 🧠🔒🚀

03.06.2026
🧠 The BrainGuard team assembled to start the new project on Neurocybersecurity.

The BrainGuard project officially kicked off on May 26, 2026, bringing together the full team for the first time to launch this exciting new initiative at the intersection of neuroscience and cybersecurity.

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The BrainGuard kick-off meeting marked the beginning of a new research endeavor focused on Neurocybersecurity — an emerging field exploring the vulnerabilities and protection of neurotechnological systems and brain-computer interfaces. The team assembled to align on goals, discuss research directions, and lay the groundwork for the project ahead.

We are thrilled to embark on this journey and look forward to sharing updates as BrainGuard progresses. Stay tuned for more news from the team! 🔐🧠

23.05.2026

🧠 KlaesLab at the neuroXRehab General Meeting in Madeira!

Our lab member Merve Çelik represented KlaesLab at the neuroXRehab General Meeting, held in Madeira, Portugal from May 18–20, 2026.

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neuroXRehab (CA24123) is a COST Action network focused on Extended Reality Neurorehabilitation of Spatial Neglect and Related Disorders After Brain Injury. The meeting brought together researchers and clinicians from across Europe working to advance XR-based therapeutic approaches for patients with acquired brain injuries.

Merve’s participation reflects KlaesLab’s growing engagement with European research networks at the intersection of neurotechnology and rehabilitation. We look forward to the collaborations and insights that emerge from this exciting initiative! 🌍🥽

For more information about the neuroXRehab COST Action, visit the official meeting page.

22.05.2026
🧠 Dr. Artur Pilacinski at the Phenomenal Workshop 2026

Phenomenal Workshop – Progress in Phenomenological Control

Yesterday, Dr. Artur Pilacinski (Ruhr University Bochum) gave an online Zoom talk on the Phantom Touch Illusion at the first Phenomenal Workshop – Progress in Phenomenological Control, held at the University of Sussex on 21 May 2026.

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In his talk, Dr. Pilacinski presented recent work on the Phantom Touch Illusion, in which people in virtual reality experience a tingling or touch sensation on their body when interacting with virtual objects, even without physical contact. This phenomenon provides new insights into how the brain integrates movement, touch, and body representation in immersive environments.

07.05.2026
🏥 Prof. Klaes at Gesundheitskongress des Westens 2026
Gesundheitskongress des Westens 2026
Last week, Prof. Christian Klaes attended the Gesundheitskongress des Westens 2026 in Cologne.

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The Gesundheitskongress des Westens is one of the leading healthcare congresses in Germany, held annually in Cologne. This year’s edition took place under the motto “Produktivität freisetzen! Ambitionen leben!” (Unleash Productivity! Live Ambitions!), focusing on the transformation of the German healthcare system. Prof. Klaes represented our department at this important event bringing together key stakeholders from healthcare, policy, and research.

24.04.2026
🧠 CATlab Launched: Dr. Art Pilacinski Starts Junior Research Group
CATlab – Cognition, Action and Touch
Today, Dr. Art Pilacinski started his junior research group Cognition, Action and Touch at our department. Congratulations!

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The CATlab — Cognition, Action and Touch Lab — is a newly established junior research group led by Dr. Art Pilacinski. The group focuses on the interplay between cognitive processes, motor action, and tactile perception. We congratulate Art on this exciting milestone!

04.04.2026

🎙️ Deutschlandfunk Interview: Protecting Brain-Computer Interfaces from Cyber Threats

Prof. Dr. Christian Klaes was interviewed on Deutschlandfunk‘s Computer und Kommunikation programme about the BrainGuard project and the emerging field of Neuro-Cybersecurity.

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As neurotechnologies like Brain-Computer Interfaces and neuromodulatory implants become increasingly used in medical therapy, protecting sensitive neural data from cyber threats becomes critical. BrainGuard — funded by the EFRE programme of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the European Union — develops novel security concepts to safeguard neural data and prevent manipulation of neurotechnological systems.

🎧 Listen to the full interview: Deutschlandfunk – Computer und Kommunikation

13.03.2026

🛡️ Announcing the BrainGuard Project on Neuro-Cybersecurity!

We are thrilled to announce the launch of the BrainGuard project, an innovative research initiative focused on developing Cybersecurity for Neurotechnologies.

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Conducted in collaboration with the research groups of Prof. Dr. Christian Klaes and Prof. Dr. Christian Zenger at Ruhr University Bochum, alongside industry partners PHYSEC and snap Discovery, this project aims to protect highly sensitive neural data and Brain-Computer Interfaces from emerging cyber threats. You can learn more about our mission to safeguard digital medicine in the official RUB press release. 🧠🔒🚀

28.02.2026

🎓 Congratulations to Jannis Steinert on his Master’s Thesis Defense!

 

 

We are delighted to congratulate Jannis Steinert on the successful completion and defense of his Master’s thesis on Adaptive Human-Robot Collaboration.

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Conducted in collaboration with the Lehrstuhl für Produktionssysteme (LPS) at Ruhr University Bochum. We wish Jannis all the best for his next steps and are proud to have supported this exciting research at the intersection of neuroscience and production engineering! 🤖👁️🎉

22.01.2026

Call for Papers: Virtual Bodies for Real Humans

 

 

We are excited to announce a new Research Topic in Frontiers in Virtual Reality, hosted by Prof. Christian Klaes, Dr. Michael Wiesing, and Dr. Artur Pilacinski.

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Titled “Virtual Bodies for Real Humans – Avatars, Sensations and Emotions,” this collection investigates the bridge between technology and human experience, from phantom touch to emotional embodiment. We invite you to submit your work! 🥽📝

03.12.2025

PhD Success: Dr. Susanne Dyck – Motor Sequence Learning

We are thrilled to announce that Susanne Dyck has successfully defended her PhD thesis at the Ruhr University Bochum.

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Her thesis, titled “Implicit and Explicit Motor Sequence Learning: Neural Oscillations and Behavioral Dynamics,” investigates the complex neural mechanisms and behavioral patterns underlying how the human brain learns and adapts to movement sequences. We congratulate her on this outstanding achievement! 🧠🎓📉🎉

10.11.2025

PhD Success: Dr. Aline Xavier Fidêncio – Machine Learning in BCIs

We are proud to announce that Aline Xavier Fidêncio has successfully defended her PhD thesis, titled “Machine learning-based strategies for detection and application of neurobiological error-related reinforcement signals in brain-computer interfaces.”

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This interdisciplinary work represents a strong collaboration between the Iossifidis Lab and KlaesLab. Dr. Fidêncio’s research advances the field of neurotechnology by exploring how human error signals can be used to improve machine learning strategies in Brain-Computer Interfaces. 🎓🧠💻🎉

22.10.2025

Seminar Organization: Dagstuhl Seminar 26262 – “Virtual Bodies for Real Humans”

Dr. Artur Pilacinski and Prof. Christian Klaes from our lab are leading the organization of the prestigious Dagstuhl Seminar 26262: “Virtual Bodies for Real Humans – Avatars, Sensations, Emotions” in Germany.

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The week-long seminar (June 21-26, 2026) will bring together international experts in neuroscience and human-computer interaction to explore how humans embody and interact with virtual avatars in extended reality. Topics will include agency, sensory feedback, phantom senses, and avatar biomechanics. 🧠🤖🇩🇪

09.09.2025

Conference Participation: Brain Day 2025

BrainDay2025

The IGSN Brain Day returns on the 17th of September, an interactive conference and event intended to connect the research and researchers with the broader public.

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Expect presentations, talks and participate in real neuroscientific experiments such as ours! Participation is free, come over, meet the team and participate in scientific research!

26.06.2025

Conference Participation: Shonan Meeting 216

Dr. Artur Pilachinski from our lab participated in Shonan Meeting 216: “HCI × Neuroscience” in Japan.

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The meeting brought together researchers exploring the interface between human-computer interaction and neuroscience for a week of interdisciplinary exchange and collaboration. 🧠💻🇯🇵

20.05.2025

Open Call for Masters and PhD Candidates

KlaesLab at Ruhr University Bochum seeks motivated Masters and PhD candidates passionate about virtual reality, brain-computer interfaces, and AI in medicine. Join our cutting-edge neurotechnology projects! Contact us at neurotechnologie@rub.de

17.03.2025

Prof. Dr. Christian Klaes has been awarded the IOP Outstanding Reviewer award.

The IOP Outstanding Reviewer award recognizes exceptional dedication to peer review, highlighting a significant contribution to maintaining the quality and integrity of scientific literature.

11.02.2025

KlaesLab Paper Trails – Our Podcast-Style Series

Check out KlaesLab Paper Trails, our podcast-style series where we dive into the latest research from our lab! 🎙️

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Explore groundbreaking neuroscience, brain-computer interfaces, and machine learning innovations in an accessible, engaging format.

🎧 Listen now: YouTube Playlist

17.12.2024

Following up on the 2024 VRS Hackathon’s challenge, we are hosting a Special Research Topic at Frontiers in Virtual Reality, focused on interdisciplinary communication in virtual spaces. Contribute now!

https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/67789/enhancing-interdisciplinary-and-cross-cultural-communication-in-virtual-collaborative-environments

 

27.11.24

 

Prof. Klaes participated in an interview at Oceanbuilders, the entire interview is up on both Instagram and Youtube, so take your pick if you are interested!

 

oceanbuilders

18.11.24

 

Interested in the terahertz.NRW project? take a look at our newest video, posted by our partners at the Frauenhofer Institute FHR!

terahertz.nrw

06.11.2024

 

Your body is probably more flexible than you think.

A new paper from our lab at Communications: Psychology!

10.05.2024

New Paper: Beta Oscillations as a Proxy for Implicit Learning

Check out the new paper from our lab by Susanne Dyck, who showed beta oscillations being a good proxy for implicit learning processes.

Show Figure ▼

17.04.2024

IOP Trusted Reviewer Status Awarded to Prof. Dr. Christian Klaes

IOP
Awarded by IOP Publishing on April 17th, 2024

Prof. Dr. Christian Klaes has been awarded the IOP Trusted Reviewer status.

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The ‘IOP Trusted Reviewer’ status indicates a high level of peer review competence and the ability to constructively critique scientific literature to an exceptional standard.

Our Focus

Key Research Areas

We currently focus on the use of virtual reality in simulating human interactions with environment, brain-machine interfaces in control of devices, collaborative robotics, novel methods for assessment of brain activity and designing advanced neural analysis methods for controlling human hand exoskeleton.

MindMove System

MindMove: Automated Neurorehabilitation

Together with medica Medizintechnik GmbH, Ambulanticum GmbH, SNAP GmbH, and the RUB Chair for Production Systems, we are developing a novel, automated rehabilitation system for grasping therapy that combines modern neurotechnology with robotics. We utilize Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) to detect movement intentions directly from brain activity and synchronize them with robot-assisted movement execution. Supported by machine learning and automated assessments, the project aims to create personalized, high-frequency training scenarios to improve independence for patients with neurological conditions.

Neurorehab BCI
Funded by BMFTR
BrainGuard Framework

BrainGuard: Neuro-Cybersecurity

Together with the RUB Chair for Secure Mobile Networking, Physec GmbH, and SNAP Discovery AG, we are developing a systematic neuro-cybersecurity framework for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) and neuromodulatory implants. We aim to create novel security concepts—ranging from neural identification to hardware protection—that safeguard sensitive neuronal data, prevent manipulation, and ensure user autonomy against emerging cyber threats.

Cybersecurity Implants
Funded by EFRE JTF NRW
VR Diagnostics
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WAVES: The use of virtual reality for diagnostics of neurological disorders

We develop a standardized test for diagnosing motor function disorders in Virtual Reality (VR). We use modern Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, such as deep learning, in the context of diagnosis and therapy of neurological diseases with hand and arm dysfunctions.

VR Deep Learning
Neural Signal Processing
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Neural signal processing using artificial intelligence on an embedded platform

The aim of this project is to develop an end-to-end neural processing pipeline that implements online algorithms for spike sorting and neural decoding using analogue and digital embedded hardware. This pipeline is a fundamental building block for the development of the next generation of neural implants. The system relies on state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to decode movement intentions from brain activity. In parallel, we will optimise a neural decoder based on deep learning methods.

Embedded AI
Smart Exoskeleton
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Smart upper-limb exoskeleton

We are interested in developing a key component –a bio-mechanically designed, adaptive exoskeleton for the upper extremity — to explore and enable patients with arm and grip function impairment due to various neurological diseases in their journey of rehabilitation. The exoskeleton is a holistic rehabilitation system that includes the design and implementation of movement tasks in VR, a feedback system based on biosignals and a generic decoder for invasive and non-invasive brain-computer interfaces.

Robotics Rehab
Collaborative Robotics
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Collaborative robotics

Together with Ruhr University for Applied Sciences, RUB Chair for Production Systems, and University of Madeira, we develop a framework for trustful and efficient motor collaboration between humans and robotic agents. We use human biomarkers as a proxy of human state in order to adaptively guide actions of the collaborative robot.

HRI Biomarkers
Terahertz Imaging

Terahertz

We apply terahertz radiation to discover novel methods for imaging brain activity for future brain-machine interfaces.

Imaging Future Tech
Phantom Touch Research
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Phantom Touch

This line of research explores phantom touch illusion —the perception of touch without physical contact in virtual reality. This can be useful for neurorehabilitation and sensory augmentation. By integrating VR, brain-computer interfaces, and haptic technologies, we aim to enhance motor recovery, rewire neural pathways, and improve sensory experiences for patients with neurological disorders.

Sensory VR
If you are interested in our projects and/or working with us,

please reach out to us.